“Type 2 diabetes: a 21st century epidemic" (population-based cross-sectional survey)

Abstract

This study examines public awareness, knowledge, risk factors, preventive practices, and perceptions regarding Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) among the general population. A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults using a structured, self-administered questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, diabetes knowledge, symptoms, risk factors, prevention, and attitudes toward awareness programs. The findings show that most participants were young adults aged 18–30 years, and overall awareness of T2DM was relatively high. However, knowledge about specific risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures varied among participants. Many respondents identified unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity, and family history as important risk factors. Although participants generally recognized the importance of healthy eating and regular physical activity, the adoption of these preventive practices remained limited. The study concludes that awareness alone does not always translate into healthy preventive behavior. Strengthening public health education, encouraging healthy lifestyles, and expanding community-based diabetes awareness programs are therefore important for reducing the growing burden of T2DM and improving long-term health outcomes.