https://ar.iub.edu.bd/handle/11348/302 2026-04-16T01:08:46Z https://ar.iub.edu.bd/handle/11348/348 BOOK REVIEW: Vane, Howard R. and Mulhearn, Chris. Mainuddin, Samir Students embarking on their post-secondary education, particularly in business or social sciences, quite often take courses in introductory economics during their first year. They come across a variety of introductory textbooks that come with titles that sound quite mundane: Economics, Principles of Microeconomics, Introduction to Macroeconomics, just to name a few. But little do they realise that some of these basic texts were authored by people who were nothing less than extraordinary. That these individuals, giants in the world of academia by their own right, devoted their lifetime to research and create groundbreaking theories and applications that culminated in the ultimate honour that can be bestowed upon them: the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Indeed, the likes of Paul Samuelson and Joseph Stiglitz are more than just names that appear on the covers of introductory textbooks; as are the likes of John Hicks, Kenneth Arrow, Wassily Leontief, Beril Ohlin, James Tobin, Gerard Debreu, Robert Solow, Ronald Coase, among others who have been immortalised by the models and theorems named after them that are religiously taught and studied worldwide by a plethora of academics and students. The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics: An Introduction to Their Careers and Main Published Works by Howard R. Vane and Chris Mulhearn7 is a Professor Howard R. Vane is currently Professor of Economics at Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; and Dr. Chris Mulhearn is Reader in Economics at Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. Independent Business Review, Volume 4, Number 1, January 2011 very useful compendium on the fifty-five Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economic Sciences from 1969 till 2004, The authors have specifically targeted undcrgiaduate and graduate students in order to give them a better understanding ot the leading lights of economics and the ideas that have moulded the shape of economics into its current state. According to the authors, “students are lar better placed to understand economics if they have some awareness and appreciation of the origins and development in the main field within the discipline”, and hoped that they would even be encouraged to sample the original works of the laureates for themselves. The structure of the book is very simple: a detailed introductory chapter giving an overview of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, following which the remainder of the hook is devoted to the Nobel laureates themselves. The life and work ot each laureate have been described in separate chapters, each ranging from three to six pages in length. The introductory chapter on the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics begins with a historical background of the prize in Economics in context of the other Nobel prizes that were introduced originally since 1901, namely Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace. Further discussion is given on the nomination and selection, dispelling some common myths and misconceptions that are nurtured by the media when the names of the laureates are announced each year. Several classifications made in terms of the broad disciples made in earliei studies by Lindbeck (1985, 2001), have been discussed, while the authors made their own classifications in eleven broad fields of study within economics. The authors have further discussed at length the citizenship, affiliations at the time of award, as well as their educational backgrounds. Controversies surrounding the Nobel Memorial awards and means of forecasting future laureates have also been discussed. The authors mention that economists such as John Maynard Keynes and Joan Robinson were “arguably denied the prize because they died before it was instigated or before the debt to them could be honoured”. Wahid (2002) has added Irving Fisher and Joseph Schumpeter to the list of notable absentees. The chapter concludes with a tabic summarising the laureates in chronological order of the award with details on their citizenship, affiliated universities, broad field of study and prize citation. It is also interesting to note that many of the Nobel Memorial laureates in Economics had their background in disciplines such as mathematics, physics, law and history. The fact that a significant number of laureates are mathematicians by training has generated a lot of discussion (Quddus & Rashid, 1994). Based on the recipients till 2004, the authors noted that all were male. This monopoly was subsequently brought to an end in 2009 by Elinor Ostrom, who became the first woman to win the prize for her analysis of economic governance, particularly on her study of common pool resources. - Most of the book, as mentioned earlier, focuses on the lives and works of the laureates themselves. The authors had mentioned that the Nobel Memorial awards in the first two decades were more aimed to “clear the backlog of specific achievements by outstanding economists, many of whom made their seminal contributions in the 1940s and 1950s and even earlier”. Indeed, the very first Nobel laureates, Ragnar Frisch coined the term “econometrics” in 1926, while Jan Tinbergen constructed the first macroeconomic model in 1936. Both Frisch and Tinbergen were the creators of the Econometric Society. Paul Samuelson s Keynesian cross diagram and Simon Kuznet’s measurement of national income using components such as consumption, saving and investment, are standard tools today for teaching income determination in first year macroeconomics courses. John Hicks’s pioneering use of indifference curves to explain consumer behaviour, and IS-LM (Investment Saving / Liquidity preference Money supply) diagram to establish equilibrium in the goods and money market, are core components of intermediate microeconomics and macroeconomics respectively. Wassily Leontiefs input-output analysis is a standard tool used in introductory mathematical economics. 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ar.iub.edu.bd/handle/11348/347 Entrepreneurship: Empowerment and Development Still -far off Mark Khan, A N M Shibly Noman “Khalifer Haat, a place 72 kilometers from the district town, has much potential with the Hogla (reed) industry, if properly patronized. Most of the people among the 30,000 inhabitants of the area in some way connected with the cottage industry as rheir ancestral occupation as the. unique species of reed is found in plenty here. At least 3,000 men were engaged in Hogla cultivation. Farmers said they did not have to toil much to cultivate Hogla; if they sowed the roots in the rainy season, the land would become huge bushes of Hogla to be reaped by the month of July. Moreover they could make tasty foods tike Vapa Pitha (a kind of steamed rice cake) with the powder made from the bottom of Hogla flowers collected during July. This Hogla powder sells at Tk 25 per Kilogram. Khalifer Haat is the major market of different products made of Hogla reeds. The wholesalers export Hogla products to Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet, Rangpur and other parts of the country from here. Some allege that the products are being smuggled to India, mainly by the Indian Khasia Adivasi women. At least 10000 women were engaged in the Hogla cottage industy. Various products could be made with Hogla reeds but the artisans made only Chatais (local mat), hand fans and brooms due to a lack of proper training. Amena Begum (50) a Hogla crafts woman, said they could make upgrade and luxury products if they were properly trained and provided with a market facility. Many NGOs are working in this region for long time but they overlook the artisans need After more than three decades of national independence, the majority of women in Bangladesh is still facing tremendous gender barriers and entrapped by I impoverishment. In recent years when micro-credit has been increasingly under criticism for not reaching the poorest of the poor, more questions have been raised as to whether micro-credit alone would suffice as an effective strategy for assisting women entrepreneurs to achieve business successes without the necessary physical capital and social capital, especially in terms of a growing, extensive personal and social network with long-term trusting and reliable relationships (The Daily Star July 21, 2005). 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ar.iub.edu.bd/handle/11348/346 A Study on The Development of Entrepreneurial Task Motivation Scale Ghosh, Anjali This is an outgrowth of a research Study on the development of a forced-choice scale for measuring entrepreneurial task motivation based on the task motivation theory of Miner (1985). The scale comprises 26 items in four areas of task motivation e planning for the future, personal innovation, self achievement and risk avoidance. Psychometric analyses showed that the reliability and validity of the scale were quite satisfactory. The predictive power of the scale was also measured with respect to success rate which indicates that the scale can be used effectively for identifying entrepreneurial talent. 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ar.iub.edu.bd/handle/11348/345 Corporate Tax Strategy vis-a-vis Corporate Governance in Bangladesh: An Empirical Review Bala, Swapan Kumar; Moniruzzaman, Mohammad 77n s- naner examines the tax payment behavior of a company under its tax professional public accountants. Being considered as confidential, these strategy" are kept outside public disclosure. The regulatory from iso,ko or orate governance lacks the explicit provision on J^he reason a survey on a small sample of IS listed companies shows that all the companies properly comply with the Securities and Exchange Commission s corporate governance guidelines. No uniformity has been estimates and measurement, presentation and disclosure. Both random iudgmenl have been applied 10 compute the tax provision. Use of deferred Z^cepfis encouraging. But significant departure has tax computation disclosure as well as tax status report by which the level of fecal Z— can be easily gauged. The. -comply or explain governance framework should be revised to incorporate the tax maers and then the intersection between tax and corporate governance would be more meaningfully interactive. 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z